1783 – The first steamboat, Pyroscaphe, was an early experimental steamship built by Marquis de Jouffroy d’Abbans. The first demonstration took place on 15 July 1783 on the river Saône in France. The machinery of the ship failed after 15 minutes. The Pyroscaphe was propelled by a double-acting steam machine and sidewheels, and was therefore a paddle steamer.
1799 – The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon’s Egyptian Campaign.The Rosetta Stone is a granodiorite stele inscribed with a decree issued at Memphis in 196 BC on behalf of King Ptolemy V. The decree appears in three scripts: the upper text is Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, the middle portion Demotic script, and the lowest Ancient Greek. Because it presents essentially the same text in all three scripts (with some minor differences among them), it provided the key to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs.
1815 – Napoleon surrenders to Captain Frederick Maitland of HMS Bellerophon at Rochefort after his earlier defeat at the Battle of Waterloo
1911 – 46″ of rain (begining 7/14) falls in Baguio, Philippines
1965 – “Mariner IV” sends back 1st pictures of Mars
1997 – Jerold Mackenzie awarded $26.6M (later reduced to $625,000) for being fired from Miller Brewing for sexual harassment for relaying a Seinfeld episode to a co worker
Birthdays
1458 – Juan Ponce de Leon, Spanish Explorer (d. 1521)
1606 – Rembrandt van Rijn, Leiden Netherlands, painter (Night Watch), (d. 1669)
Rembrandt painted the large painting The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq between 1640 and 1642. This picture was called the Nachtwacht by the Dutch and the Night Watch by Sir Joshua Reynolds because by the 18th century the picture was so dimmed and defaced by time that it was almost indistinguishable and it looked quite like a night scene. After it was cleaned, it was discovered to represent broad day—a party of musketeers stepping from a gloomy courtyard into the blinding sunlight.
1906 – Rudolf “Rudi” Uhlenhaut, German automotive engineer and test driver (Mercedes Benz) (d. 1989)
1950 – Arianna Huffington, Athens, Greek-born author, syndicated columnist and creator of The Huffington Post
1951 – Jesse “The Body” Ventura, wrestler/actor (Predator, Running Man)
Deaths
1881 – Billy the Kid [William H Bonney], shot by sheriff Pat Garrett at 21
1883 – Tom Thumb, famous small person (40″), dies of a stroke at 44
1948 – John J. Pershing, [Black Jack], US general (Mexico, WW I), dies at 87
1958 – Julia Lennon, mother of Beatle John, dies in an auto accident
1997 – Gianni Versace, fashion designer, shot to death by Andrew Cunanan at 50