Today in History
July 30
762 – Baghdad is founded.
1609 – Beaver Wars: At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs on behalf of his native allies.
1626 – An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills about 10,000 people.
1729 – Baltimore is founded.
1863 – American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder. 1865 – The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
1871 – The Staten Island FerryWestfield’s boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
1945 – World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 seamen. Most die during the following four days, until an aircraft notices the survivors.
1956 – A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing In God We Trust as the U.S. national motto.
1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission: David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
1974 – Watergate scandal: President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the Supreme Court of the United States.
1975 – Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.
2003 – In Mexico, the last ‘old style’ Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
Births
1511 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, historian, and architect (d. 1574)
1549 – Ferdinando I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
1863 – Henry Ford, American engineer and businessman, founded the Ford Motor Company (d. 1947)
1890 – Casey Stengel, American baseball player and manager (d. 1975)
1898 – Henry Moore, English sculptor and illustrator (d. 1986)
1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, bodybuilder, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of California
Deaths
579 – Pope Benedict I
1566 – Guillaume Rondelet, French doctor (b. 1507)
1718 – William Penn, English businessman and philosopher, founded the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
1898 – Otto von Bismarck, First Chancellor of Germany (b. 1815)
2007 – Ingmar Bergman, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1918)
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